In the Sudan Elections podcast series ‘Voting for Change’, host Raga Makawi talks to Justin Willis- Professor of Modern History at Durham University – about election models adopted in Sudan’s modern history, key choices available for policymakers who are involved in election design, special votes for farmers in the past, why graduates have sometimes had an extra vote – and why some systems make it very hard for women to be elected.

Political Economy of Cash and Markets in Sudan
The research provides a snapshot of the war in Sudan in the period from February to April 2025. However, the war is dynamic, with political

